Basic Shapes and Terminology in Mathematics

 Maths Facts 

There are many facts in the world of mathematics and some can be quite confusing, to say the least. Here are some that can be helpful for year 12 students. 

Quadrilateral shape - A quadrilateral is a shape that has four sides. Even if a shape has all four sides and two of those may not be equal it is still considered a quadrilateral shape. the interior angles of a quadrilateral will always equal to 90 degrees no matter the length.

Shapes - Square 

• A square is a quadrilateral shape. A quadrilateral is a shape that has four sides.
• All four sides of a square are equal.
• All of the angles of a square are 90 degrees.

Rectangle 

• A rectangle has four sides but unlike the square only the opposite sides are equal. 
• All of the interior angles of a rectangle are 90 degrees.

Rhombus

• A rhombus is a flat shape that has four equal sides.
• The rhombus looks like a diamond.
• All sides are equal in length.
• Opposite sides are parallel but opposite angles are equal.
• Every square you see is a rhombus but not every rhombus will be a square.

Parallelogram

• A parallelogram is a quadrilateral that's opposite sides are equal.
• Its opposite angles are equal as well. 
• only two sides are equal. 

Trapezium 

• A trapezium has a pair of parallel sides 
• Only two sides of a trapezium are equal in length 
• A trapezium becomes an isosceles trapezium when it has equal angles from a parallel side. 

Kite 

• has two pairs of sides 
• each pair is two equal-length sides that are adjacent 
• the angles are equal when the two pairs meet

Triangles - Are shapes that have three sides and angles. The interior angles for triangles add up to 180 degrees. In total there are different types of triangles; equilateral, right-angled, isosceles, obtuse, scalene, and acute triangles. 

Equilateral triangles

• All of the sides of an equilateral triangle are equal. 
• All of the angles in an equilateral triangle are equal and are always 60 degrees

Right-angled triangles 

• One angle will always be 90 degrees
• Most of the time will have two equal sides,

Isosceles triangle 

• Will always have two equal sides 
• Will always have two equal angles

Obtuse triangle 

• Will always have an angle of more than 90 degrees

Acute Triangles 

• All angles will always be less than 90 degrees

Scalene Triangles

• A scalene triangle doesn't have any equal sides nor angles 

Do you know any other four-sided shape?

Most of the information was found at https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/kite.html